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Arizona transportation

Highwayscommunity of Green Valley and terminates in
Nogales, in Santa Cruz County, at the
Main interstate routes include I-17, and I-19international border with Mexico. Destination
running north-south, I-40, I-8, and I-10signs on I-19 have metric distance figures in
running east-west, and a short stretch ofkilometers instead of standard miles. Arizona
I-15 running northeast/southwest through the77 serves North Tucson and Tucson's northern
extreme  northwestern  corner  of  the state.suburbs including Casas Adobes, Catalina
Foothills, Oro Valley, and Catalina. Arizona
Phoenix77 continues northward until it terminates at
the Navajo Indian Reservation in northeastern
Phoenix is served by a network of freeways,Arizona.
many of which were initiated by a 1 cent
general sales tax measure approved by votersState Route 210 (Barraza-Aviation Parkway) is
in 1985. Before this network, I-10 and I-17a limited-access parkway built in the early
handled almost all freeway traffic in1990s to connect downtown Tucson to the
Phoenix, placing a large burden on surfacesoutheastern portion of the city. Few new
arterial streets, leading to increasedlimited-access roads are in the plans in
traffic  congestion as the area grew in size.Tucson due to strong community opposition to
freeways.
I-10 (the Maricopa and Papago Freeways) from
Los Angeles travels from the west throughYuma,  Flagstaff  &  Casa  Grande
downtown, and exits the metro area in a
southeast direction toward Tucson. I-17 (theYuma and Casa Grande are served by I-8;
Black Canyon Freeway) begins in downtownFlagstaff is served by I-17 and I-40. US
Phoenix and travels north to Flagstaff. US 60Highway 95 parallels the Colorado River, from
also travels through the heart of the city,Las  Vegas  to  the Mexican border near Yuma.
starting in downtown Phoenix, and heading
northwest through the suburbs of Glendale,Historic U.S. Route 66, a major route for
Peoria, and Surprise. To the east, it isMidwestern emigrants prior to the advent of
called the Superstition Freeway, and from itsthe interstate highway system, traversed the
beginning in Tempe, travels eastward towardsnorthern part of the state, passing through
Mesa, Gilbert, and Apache Junction, andFlagstaff and Kingman. Route 66 in Arizona
beyond. State Route Loop 101 (called the Aguaclosely followed the route of what is now
Fria, Price, or Pima Freeway, depending onInterstate 40 except for an 88 mile stretch
the segment) is also a major highway thatbetween Seligman and Kingman now known as
forms a semicircle around the northernArizona State Highway 66, where the route
suburbs of the city, starting from I-10 inveered to the north passing through Peach
the west and travelling around to the SantanSprings.
portion  of  Loop  202  in  the  southeast.
Public  transportation  and  intercity  bus
The new freeways started after the 1985 sales
tax approval are: Arizona 51, Loop 101,The Phoenix and Tucson metropolitan areas are
Arizona 143 (the Hohokam Expressway), Arizonaserved by public bus transit systems. Yuma
153 (the Sky Harbor Expressway), Loop 202and Flagstaff also have public bus systems.
(the Red Mountain and Santan Freeways), andGreyhound Lines serves Phoenix, Tucson,
Loop 303 (the Estrella Freeway), and theFlagstaff, Yuma, and several smaller
final section of I-10. Most of these havecommunities  statewide.
been completed by 2005, with Loop 202 and
Loop 303 being in the final stages ofA light rail system is currently being built
construction  and  development.in Phoenix. When completed, it will connect
Central Phoenix with the nearby cities of
Arizona 51 (the Piestewa Freeway) connectsMesa and Tempe. The system is projected to be
downtown and central Phoenix with northoperational  by  December  of  2008.
Phoenix and Paradise Valley, and connects
with the aforementioned Loop 101 at itsIn May 2006, voters in Tucson approved a
northern end. Two-thirds of this route wasRegional Transportation Plan (a comprehensive
opened in 1999 and the remainder in 2003. Itbus transit/streetcar/roadway improvement
had been known as the Squaw Peak Parkway (forprogram), and its funding via a new half-cent
a nearby mountain), but this name wassales tax increment. The centerpiece of the
considered offensive to those in the Nativeplan is a light rail streetcar system that
American community. Both the road and thewill connect the main University of Arizona
mountain were re-named in the spring of 2003campus with the Rio Nuevo master plan area on
for US Army Pfc. Lori Piestewa, a member ofthe  western  edge  of  downtown.
the Hopi tribe, the first woman to die in
combat during the current Iraq War and theAviation
first Native American woman to die in combat
while in the US Army. This resulted in theAirports with regularly scheduled commercial
freeway being referred to as "The 51" insteadflights include: Phoenix Sky Harbor
of "Squaw Peak Parkway" in casualInternational Airport (IATA: PHX, ICAO: KPHX)
conversation.in Phoenix (the largest airport and the major
international airport in the state); Tucson
As recently as 1959, many roads such as StateInternational Airport (IATA: TUS, ICAO: KTUS)
Highway 87, the Beeline Highway betweenin Tucson; Yuma International Airport (IATA:
Phoenix and the small community of Payson inYUM, ICAO: KYUM) in Yuma; Prescott Municipal
Gila  County,  were  unpaved.Airport (PRC) in Prescott; and Flagstaff
Pulliam Airport (IATA: FLG, ICAO: KFLG) in
TucsonFlagstaff.
The Tucson metropolitan area is primarilyOther significant airports without regularly
served by I-10, I-19 and Arizona 77. I-19scheduled commercial flights include Williams
departs from I-10 in the southern part ofGateway Airport (IWA) in Mesa, and Scottsdale
Tucson, runs through southern TucsonMunicipal Airport (IATA: SCF, ICAO: KSDL) in
(including an exit serving the historicScottsdale.
Mission San Xavier) and the retirement



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