Bugging and Tape Recording Conversations in Arizona: Is it Legal?

Lawyers often receive inquiries about the legalities ofrecording simply means making a copy of the
recording phone or other conversations in Arizona. Inconversation between two or more people. Recording
particular, the issue frequently arises in family lawis illegal in Arizona if NO party to the conversation
cases where child custody is at issue. Related to theknows that the conversation is being recorded.
recording issue is the "bugging" issue.However, in Arizona, and this varies by state, if one
There are a number of variables that affect theparty to the conversation knows that the conversation
answer to the central question, whether it is legal tois being recorded, it is not illegal. Thus, if someone tape
either record or even bug conversations. First, buggingrecords a phone call or conversation involving him
and recording are two different issues under Arizonaherself and another person, even one who is unaware
law, often related, but also potentially very differentof being recorded, that's legal in Arizona. If the same
under the law. Second, the laws regarding bugging andperson taps into a phone line and records a
recording vary significantly by jurisdiction so what isconversation between two people who are unaware
legal in one state may be illegal in another. As well, thethey are being recorded, it is ILLEGAL. Arizona and
federal law may vary from state laws.federal law are similar in this respect; however,
The following is a very brief analysis of the buggingrecording conversations is illegal in certain other states
and recording law in Arizona:unless all parties know of the recording and consent.
A. Bugging, otherwise known as wiretapping, typicallyThere may be some cross-jurisdictional issues involved
means placing a device on a phone that allows one towhen tape recording a conversation across state or
eavesdrop on a conversation or other transmission.national boundaries. Prior to tape recording, it is
Bugging by a private party is considered illegal almostrecommended that you consult an attorney in the
all of the time for two reasons primarily: First, it allowsappropriate jurisdiction.
someone to listen to a private conversation betweenIn summary, bugging/wiretapping is always illegal while
two or more unsuspecting parties. Second, bugs aretape recording is legal in Arizona as long as one party
usually placed without permission so you have ato the conversation is aware the conversation is being
number of infractions inherent in such trespass-likerecorded. However, don't make assumptions about the
activity. If you suspect someone has placed a bug onlaw in other states -consult an attorney to determine
your phone or other device, you should call the police.what is allowed.
B. In the case of a telephone or in-person conversation,