The Patriotic History of the Stars and Stripes

On that historic day, the flag of the United States ofwould be arranged and all flags must agree with the
America came into existence and this form remainsPresidential proclamation. New states were constantly
unchanged to the present day. Just who designed thebeing admitted to the Union and the United States had
first flag or who made it is a question still debated bythirteen national flags between 1817 and 1861. During
historians. Some believe that Betsy Ross designed thethe Civil War, we had another two flags with the
first flag, although claims have also been made thatadmission of Kansas and West Virginia. Union troops
Francis Hopkinson, a Congressman, designed andfought under a 33-star flag during the first three
made the first flag. Historical records do show thatmonths of the war; a 34-star flag until 1863; and a
Betsy Ross made flags for the government in 1777,35-star flag until the end of the war. President Lincoln
but whether she made the first United States flag willrefused to take out the stars of the southern states
probably always remain in doubt. In 1782, the Congresswhich had seceded. After the war had ended, the
of the confederation reaffirmed the choice of thenation began to move west. Nebraska joined the Union
Continental Congress by stating that the national sealin 1867; followed in 1877 by Colorado; 1890 by North
and the flag would remain red, white and blue. DeeperDakota, South Dakota, Montana, Washington and
meaning was also given to the flag and its design. TheIdaho; 1891 by Wyoming; 1896 by Utah; and 1908 by
thirteen original states would always be representedOklahoma. During this period of transition in the country,
by the seven red stripes and the six white ones.we had six more national flags. The twenty-third flag,
However, they left open the question of how the starsadopted in 1896, was the flag that we fought under
on the blue union would be arranged. In 1777, Congressduring the Spanish-American War in 1898. In 1912,
had not specified any particular design for theArizona and New Mexico were admitted to the Union
arrangement of the stars and some flags had thirteenand thus the United States needed another new flag.
stars in a circle. Others had twelve in a circle with theThis was the twenty-fifth flag, adopted in 1912, and
thirteenth in the center. By 1782 though, almost all thewhich lasted until 1959. The total of 47 years that this
national flags had the thirteen stars in a circle. In 1794,flag flew over the nation represents the longest period
Vermont and Kentucky were admitted to the Unionof duration of any one flag of the United States. This
bringing the number of states to fifteen. Congressflag was carried to the battlefields of World War I and
ordered that all new flags would carry fifteen starsWorld War II, as well as the Korean War. In 1959,
and fifteen stripes, and that a star and a stripe wouldAlaska was admitted as the 49th state of the Union.
be added as each new state joined the Union. ThisThe 49-star flag, adopted in 1959, was raised at 12:01
would later prove to be too cumbersome and woulda.m. on July 4th, 1959, over Ft. McHenry to signal the
soon be abandoned. This flag, with its fifteen stars andofficial admittance of Alaska. This flag lasted but a
fifteen stripes, is the flag Americans carried in the Warshort while for on July 4th, 1960, the United States
of 1812. By 1817, The Union was expanded by fiveraised the present 50-star flag signaling the admission
more states: Tennessee, Ohio, Louisiana, Indiana andof Hawaii as our 50th and last state. To date, we
Mississippi. This expansion meant a new flag. Samuelhave had twenty-seven national flags, and they have
C. Reid, a navy captain, redesigned the flag using theall flown in glory over this great nation, the United
original thirteen stripes and adding a star for each ofStates.27 Flags of the United States1st US Flag
the twenty states. This idea was proposed to1777-1795
Congress by Peter Wendover, a representative fromThe Betsy Ross Flag. To this day, the actual maker
New York. It was passed as the New Flag Act, andof this flag remains unknown. This almost casually
the date was set as July 4th next after a new stateconstructed national emblem incorporated the
had been admitted to the Union as the day on which aunchanging design of thirteen stripes with a
new flag would be flown. Congress again left open thethirteen-star union. Although this claim is seriously in
question of how the stars might be arranged, so thedoubt, Betsy Ross, a Philadelphia seamstress, is said to
design was left to individual flag makers. In later years,have made the first American flag. This claim was first
the President has usually proclaimed how the starsmade by William J. Canby, her grandson, in 1870.